Makalah Passive and Active Voice

MAKALAH

BAHASA INGGRIS SD 1

Dosen Pengampu : Dra. Rina Liestia, M.Pd

 

Oleh

Kelompok 5

Semester III (kelas C)

·         Siti Rahmita                :   A1E311538

·         Rica Handayani. P          :   A1E311

·         Riyana                      :   A1E311

·         Widya                      :   A1E311

·         Supiani                      :   A1E311

·         Faisal Akbar                :  A1E311

·         Budi Rhomdani              :  A1E311

Departemen Pendidikan Nasional

Universitas Lambung Mangkurat

Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan

Program Studi S1 Pendidikan Guru Sekolah Dasar

Banjarbaru

2012

KATA PENGANTAR

Puji syukur kami panjatkan kepada Allah SWT yang telah melimpahkan rahmat, taufik serta hidayah-Nya kepada kami, sehingga kami mampu menyelesaikan tugas makalah mata kuliah Bahasa Inggris SD 1 yang berjudul “ Passive and Active Voice”, sesuai dengan waktu yang telah ditentukan.

Shalawat serta salam semoga tetap tercurah limpahkan kepada Nabi kita, yaitu Nabi Muhammad SAW. yang telah membawa kita dari alam kebodohan menuju alam yang penuh dengan ilmu pengetahuan seperti saat sekarang ini.

Kami menyadari bahwa dalam pembuatan makalah ini terdapat banyak kesalahan dan kekurangan. Maka dari itu kami mohon saran dan kritik yang membangun demi kesempurnaan makalah ini. Dan harapan kami, semoga makalah ini bermanfaat bagi kita khususnya bagi para pembaca, Amin.

                                                                                     Banjarbaru, Desember 2012

  Kelompok 5

Passive and Active Voice

1. Active and Passive Voice

Menurut apa yang dilakukan subjeknya, kalimat dalam bahasa Inggris memiliki dua bentuk, yaitu : kalimat aktif (active voice) dan kalimat pasif (passive voice).

1. Active Voice

Active voice atau kalimat aktif adalah kalimat dimana subjek kalimat melakukan suatu pekerjaan.

Contoh : Dony buys a novel       = Dony membeli novel

                 Amy calls sari                      = Amy menelpon Sari

                 He buys a book                    = Ia membeli sebuah buku

Kalimat pasif ini bisa dibandingkan dengan awalan me pada Bahasa Indonesia umpama : membeli – dibeli, menjual – dijual, menjahit – dijahit, dll

2. Passive Voice

Dalam kalimat pasif, pokok kalimat dikenai oleh sesuatu pekerjaan, misalnya :

Contoh :  A book is bought by him                    = Sebuah buku dibelinya.

                The cat is beaten by the girl            = Kucing itu dipukul gadis itu.

Kalimat pasif ini bisa dibandingkan dengan awalan di pada Bahasa Indonesia umpama : dilihat – melihat, dibeli – membeli, dirobek – merobek, dll.

Rumus pembuatan kalimat pasif adalah :  Subjek + tobe + V3

2. Pola Perubahan Kalimat Aktif menjadi Kalimat Pasif

Objek kalimat aktif menjadi subjek kalimat pasif. Subjek kalimat aktif menjadi kalimat pasif yang didahului by.

The girl beats the cat              = Gadis itu memukul kucing itu

The cat is beaten by the girl    = Kucing itu dipukul gadis itu.

O

V1

S

Aktif                +                                         +    

Pasif                            +                            +                                              

1.     Simple Present

Aktif : S + V1 + O

Pasif : S + tobe + V3 + by

Contoh :

            Aktif :                         Pasif :

Amy writes a letter                   A letter is witten by Amy

What does Mita do ?                What is done by Mita

John bites Mary                       Mary is bitten by John

2.     Simple Continuous

Aktif : S + tobe + Ving + O

Pasif : S + tobe + being + Ve + by

Contoh :

            Aktif :                         Pasif :

Dina is witing a letter              A letter is being written by Dina

Who is John bitting?              Who is being bitten by John?

Is John biting Mary                Is Mary being bitten by John?

3.     Present Perfect

Contoh :

Aktif :                         Pasif :

John has bitten Mary                  Mary has been bitten by John

John doesn’t bitten Mary            Mary has’n been bitten by John

Has John bitten Marry?              Has Mary been bitten by John

4.     Present Perfect Continuous

Contoh :

Aktif :                                                   Pasif :

John has been bbiting Mary                Mary has been being bitten by John

Has John been bitting Mary ?             Has Mary been being bitten by John?

who has been biting Mary?                   Who has Mary been being bitten by?

5.     Future

Contoh :

Aktif :                                                   Pasif :

Will John bite Mary?                           Will Mary be bbitten by John

Who will bite Mary?                             Who will Mary be bitten by John?

What will John do ?                             What will be done by John?

6.     Future Continuous

Contoh :

Aktif :                                                   Pasif :

John will be bitting Mary ?                   Mary will be bing bitten by John

Who will John be bitting                       Who will be being bitten by John

What will John be doing?                      What will be being done by John

7.     Future Perfect

Contoh :

Aktif :                                                   Pasif :

John will have bitten Mary ?               Mary will have been bitten by John

Who will have bitten Mary ?             Who will Mary have been bitten by?

Who will John have bitten ?             Who will have been bitten by John

8.     Future Perfect Continuous

Contoh :

Aktif :                                                   Pasif :

Will John have been biting                     Will Mary have been being bitten by John

Who will John have been bitting ?           Who will have beenbeing bitten by
                                                                John

What will John have been doing ?           What will have been being done by
                                                                John

9.     Simple Past

Contoh :

Aktif :                                                   Pasif :

John bit Mary                                           Mary was bitten by John

Who bit Mary ?                                         Who was Mary bitten by?

Who did John bite ?                            Who was bitten by John

10.   Past Continuous

Contoh :

Aktif :                                                   Pasif :

Was John doing ?                                    Was Mary being bitten by John

What was John doing ?                           what was being done by John

Who was John bitting ?                       Who was Mary being bitten by?

11.   Past Perfect

Contoh :

Aktif :                                                   Pasif :

John had bitten Mary ?                              Mary had been bitten by John

What had Jhon done?                             What had been done by John?

Who had bitten Mary ?                        Who had Mary been bitten by?

12.   Past Perfect Continuous

Contoh :

Aktif :                                                   Pasif :

John had been bitting Mary                         Mary had been being bitten by John

What had John been doing ?                      What had been being done by John?

Had John been bitting Mary                       What had been being done by John

Catatan :

Kalimat aktif dapat diubah menjadi kalimat pasif dengan cara berikut :

1.     Tenses kalimat pasif sama dengan tenses kalimat aktif.

2.     Subjek dalam kalimat pasif berasal dari objek kalimat aktif.

3.     Objek dalam kalimat pasif berasal dati subjek kalimat aktif.

4.     Verb / kata kerja dalam kalimat aktif berubah menjadi tobe + V3 atau tobe + being + V3.